阅读C The bad health effects of sleep loss during the week can’t be repaid by longer weekend sleep, a

阅读C
The bad health effects of sleep loss during the week can’t be repaid by longer weekend sleep,  according to a new study.
Researchers have long known that sleep deprivation (剥夺) can cause weight gain and increase other health risks. But for those who force themselves out of bed every weekday after too few hours of shut-eye,  they hope turning off the alarm on Saturday and Sunday will repay the weekly sleep debt and remove any ill effects.
The research,  published in Current Biology,  crushes those hopes. Despite complete freedom to sleep during a weekend recovery period,  people in a sleep lab who were limited to five hours of sleep on weekdays gained nearly three pounds over two weeks and experienced disorders that would increase their risk for diabetes over the long term. While weekend recovery sleep had some benefits after a single week of sleep loss,  those gains were wiped out when people fell right back into their same sleep-deprived schedule the next Monday.
“If there are benefits of catch-up sleep,  they’re gone when you go back to your daily schedule. It’s very short-lived, ” said Kenneth Wright,  director of the sleep and chronobiology lab at the University of Colorado at boulder. “These health effects are long-term. It’s kind of like smoking once was—people would smoke and wouldn’t see an immediate effect on their health,  but people will say now that smoking is not a healthy lifestyle choice. I think sleep is in the early stage of where smoking used to be. ”
Wright said that the study suggests people should put sleep in the first place—cutting out the “sleep stealers” such as watching television shows or spending time on their phones. Even when people don’t have a choice about losing sleep because of child-care responsibilities or job schedules,  they should think about getting sleep in the same way they would get a healthy diet or exercise.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 介绍了周末补觉并不能弥补工作日缺失的睡眠。
28. What do the researchers find about weekend recovery sleep?
A. It is common among people.
B. It will make people healthier.
C. It can make people put on weight.
D. It’s able to make up for the sleep loss.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段第二句话“Despite complete freedom to sleep during a weekend recovery period,  people in a sleep lab who were limited to five hours of sleep on weekdays gained nearly three pounds over two weeks and experienced disorders that would increase their risk for diabetes over the long term. ”可知, 平日睡眠少的人, 体重可能会增加, 并增加患糖尿病的风险。
29. What does the underlined word “crushes” mean?
A. Arouses. 　　 B. Guarantees.
C. Deepens. 　 D. Ruins.
【解析】选D。词义猜测题。本题理解的关键在于搞清楚“those hopes”指代的是第二段中的“they hope turning off the alarm on Saturday and Sunday will repay the weekly sleep debt and remove any ill effects. ”根据本句可知人们寄希望于通过周末补觉能弥补睡眠, 然而这个研究却“打破了”人们的这种愿望。推测此处词义为“摧毁, 打破”的意思。故选D项。
30. What will Kenneth Wright agree with?
A. It takes long for people to see the effects of sleep loss.
B. Smoking and sleep loss have the same bad effects.
C. Weekend recovery sleep has many benefits.
D. Smoking is more harmful than sleep loss.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“These health effects are long-term. It’s kind of like smoking once was—people would smoke and wouldn’t see an immediate effect on their health,  but people will say now that smoking is not a healthy lifestyle choice. I think sleep is in the early stage of where smoking used to be. ”可知人们对于睡眠缺失的了解现阶段还不深, 就像是吸烟一样, 得过上一段时间之后人们才会看到它的坏处。
31. What does Kenneth Wright advise people to do?
A. Sleep as long as possible during weekdays.
B. Watch some TV shows before bedtime.
C. Reduce the screen time before sleep.
D. Take regular exercise every day.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“people should put sleep in the first place—cutting out the “sleep stealers” such as watching television shows or spending time on their phones. ”可知他建议人们缩减看电视或玩手机的时间来保证睡眠。